The accessibility.

Mariana and Yulis (2020) study on the redesign pedestrian-way in Blok M area as a pathway of sustainable urban mobility where the authors study to create sustainable transport planning in order to minimize the impact of traveling to the environment. Based on this research paper, the authors state that promotion of public transportation mode must be accompanied by the construction of road infrastructure that focuses on pedestrian according to sustainable urban mobility principles. By consider the criteria of existing public spaces design, it is necessary to adjust the facilities provided according to the criteria of good public space which highlighted the pedestrian safety, comfort and pleasure space for users who pass through it (Mariana and Yulis, 2020).

Salleh, A.H., Ahmad, M. S.S., and William, G. W.W., (2020) highlighted about the feasibility study on walkable city through implementation of car-free zones in Georgetown, Penang using GIS network analysis where the author studies the feasibility of car-free zones in Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia. Salleh et al., (2020) stated that there are three preferred areas as car-free zones. The results found that each localized traffic has a longer traveling distance. Yet, due to the roads that the traffic was diverted to allow a higher travel speed, the travel time is sometimes reduced. Overall, the increase in travel distance ranges from 12.88% to 174.92% while travel time ranges from 0.29% to 119.40%.

Ja’afar, N. H., (2018) highlighted about the influence of building condition to the walkable environment in traditional street of Melaka Historical City where the author determine the heritage building conditions that contribute towards the walkable environment in traditional streets in Melaka Historical City, which are Jalan Tukang Besi, Jalan Tukang Emas and Jalan Tokong. Ja’afar, N. H., (2018) stated that good building condition is essential in order to encourage a street with walkable environment and the finding inform designers sand planners of the importance to preserve our heritage buildings in street design and development.

Nordh, H., Vistad, O . I., Skar, M., Wold, L. C., Magnus, B., Kim, (2017) highlighted about walking as urban outdoor recreation and promoting public health to everyone where the author investigates the frequency of neighbourhood walks (both for recreation and for transport) is associated with various indicators of demographic, socio-economic position, self-reported physical activity and perceived health status. Nordh et al., (2017) stated that neighbourhood walking appeals to all adults regardless of demographic or socio-economic situation. Furthermore, it reveals that a higher frequency of walks form home for transport than for the walk itself (recreational purpose).

Abdulrazzaq, L. R., Abdulkareem, M. N., Mat Yazid, M. R., Borhan, M. N., & Mahdi, M. S. (2020) highlighted about the Traffic Congestion: Shift from Private Car to Public Transportation where the authors aim to develop a modal shift model for car users to shift to Public Transport (PT) and determine the factors that effects the performance of the mode of transportation. Abdulrazzaq, L. R., Abdulkareem, M. N., Mat Yazid, M. R., Borhan, M. N., & Mahdi, M. S. (2020) stated that the explanatory factors that looked at two models include trip distances, a trip rate per day, trip time, gender, age, and occupation, which are important variables. The result showed that Mode Choice Model (Car vs Bus) show the travel time and distance travelled are significant factors to increase the use of public buses and reduce dependence on the car. While in Model (Car vs Train), the travel time is an important variable that effects of the switching decision between car and train. Younger people are more likely to switch in both models.

Shahid, S., & Minhans, A. (2016) highlighted about the climate change and road safety: a review to assess impacts in Malaysia where the authors probes on the influence of climatic variables on road accident in order to assess the possible impacts of climate change on road safety in Malaysia. Shahid, S., & Minhans, A. (2016) stated about the influence of climatic variables on road accident in order to assess the possible impacts of climate change on road safety in Malaysia. The result showed that most imminent and certain impacts of climate change on road safety will be due to increase of temperature and rainfall related extremes. However, the impacts may not be very high in Malaysia due to moderate changes of those extremes over a long time. Any potential risk would be possible to mitigate by educating the people on possible impacts of climatic extremes on road environment and motivating them to change their driving behaviour during extreme weather events.

However, the redesign of pedestrian road area is focusing on the public transport terminal in the city centre which lead to traffic sprawl there. According to my reading of the abstract in this journal, it has provided adequate information to solve the walkability issues in Kajang as it is a study proven to have a positive result. According to my reading of the abstract in this journal, it has supported my stance in the preservation of the Kajang Heritage zone as it will promote a walkable environment. According to my reading of the abstract in this journal, it provides me with the benefit that supports the claim to creating a walkable environment for the Kajang residence but, this study is conducted in Norwegian whereby there are factors such as comfortable weather for walking and efficient public transport that encourages people to walk as their domain transport. However, Abdulrazzaq, L. R., Abdulkareem, M. N., Mat Yazid, M. R., Borhan, M. N., & Mahdi, M. S. (2020) limited their study only to two type of public transport which is the bus and the train.However, Shahid, S., & Minhans, A. (2016) conduct the study on road safety but not mentioning in detail about taking initiative measures to overcome the problem.

In summary, my study proposes to provide design according to the criteria of good public space and favourable walking environment promoted in Norwegian to promote walkability while preserving and upgrade the Kajang Heritage zone. My study also proposes to assess the influence of climatic variables on road accident and develop a modal shift model for car users to shift to Public Transport (PT).

My study recommends for sustainable and proper design of pedestrian road by following the criteria of good public space to be implemented in commercial site of Kajang. Additionally, based on Salleh et al., (2020), my study recommends to apply more pedestrianized streets in Bandar Kajang in order to promote walkability to Bandar Kajang residence. My study also supports Ja’afar, N. H., (2018), to preserve and upgrade the Kajang Heritage zone as it is the only piece of Kajang left with the original heritage building whilst the rest of Kajang has been developed into modern buildings. My study will follow Nordh et al., (2017), to implement the favourable walking environment promoted in Norwegian to turn factors such as public transport efficiency and comfortable weather for walking that is not part of Kajang’s factor to promotes walking as domain transport. Next, based on Abdulrazzaq, L. R. et al. (2020), my study recommends to develop a modal shift model for car users to shift to Public Transport (PT) and extend them to cover in e-hailing services too. Moreover, my study recommends to assess the influence of climatic variables on road accident in order to assess the possible impacts of climate change on road safety in Malaysia and extend the study to cover on the solution as well.

Intelligent Building (IB)

Ghaffarianhoseini et al. (2016) highlighted the definitions of Intelligent Building (IB) and analyze the recent interpretations from an international perspective which the author probes deep into the fundamental features of IB from Europe and North America, Southeast Asia (Malaysia and Singapore), Far East Asia (Korea, Hong Kong, Japan and China) and Australia and New Zealand. Ghaffarianhoseini et al. (2016) stated the evolution of definition of IB since 1980s till future era. The authors also state the differences of the key features and performance indicators of IB in different region and has mainly focus on Malaysia and Singapore for Southeast Asia perspectives. In Table 3, there are 6 key features IB from Malaysia and Singapore which are building sustainability, social and behavioural dimensions, renewable energy, efficiency and conservation, economic repercussions, ICT integration and automation, effective management and environmental services and security and safety. The author also stated that Green Building Index (GBI) and Green Mark Scheme (BCA) as the sustainable building assessment organization and developed tools.

Salleh et al. (2009) study the Intelligent Building in Malaysia which probes deeply into the characteristic of Intelligent Building. Salleh et al. (2009) aimed to presents the documentation of intelligent building implementation in Malaysia. Salleh et al. (2009) explain the research taxonomy of intelligent building evaluation which referred from Wong et al. (2005). The research taxonomy focused on three research stream which are advanced and innovative technologies, research in performance evaluation methodologies and research in investment evaluation analysis. These three things would help to identify the criteria of the intelligent building.

GhaffarianHoseini, A. H. (2012) highlighted about ecologically sustainable design (ESD) in theories, implementations and challenges towards intelligent building design development where the author elucidate the significant task of ESD for sustainable developments. (GhaffarianHoseini, 2012) stated that the study draws attention to the concept of incorporating intelligent building systems and ESD principles in order to reduce the environmental damages while enhancing the ecosystem services.

Ghaffarianhoseini et al. (2016) had covered and explain the definition of IB in all context. Salleh et al. (2009) stated that the selected three buildings in the case study are mainly functioned as office which are from telecommunication company, ICT company and securities company. According to my reading of the abstract in this journal, it has provided adequate information to adapt the ecologically sustainable design in Bandar Kajang as it is a study proven to have a positive result.

In summary, my study proposes to implement the six key features of Intelligent Building (IB) and three evaluation criteria of IB to build a concept boutique with the implementation of ecologically sustainable design (ESD). My study recommends to implement the six key features of Intelligent Building (IB) from Malaysia and Singapore (Ghaffarianhoseini et al. 2016). Plus, my study recommends to implement the three evaluation criteria of IB based on Salleh et al. (2019). My study also proposes to build a concept boutique with the implementation of ecologically sustainable design (ESD) based on Ghaffarianhoseini et al. (2012).

social interaction.

Nee and Khan (2012) study on how a public urban space can contribute to one of the government policies, ‘One Malaysia’, which introduced to promote greater integration among the multi-ethnic society where the authors study several popular activities that can stimulate interaction between people irrespective of ethnicity, and revisits strategies how they can be incorporated in public urban space in the context of Malaysia. Based on this research paper, Nee and Khan (2012) state that the existed public space can only create opportunities of interaction in a passive way and study shows that there is need for other stimuli to create active interaction. By consider the criteria of existing public spaces design, the authors concluded that activities that can dilute the ethnic bias and enhance gender or age or other bias, should be brought in as many as possible by considering the social interaction, types of activities, group behaviour and Role of visual sense in group formation.

Hatefishojae et al., (2020) study on the role of Alexander's theory of living centers in promoting the social interaction in local and urban square where the authors determine which pattern of Alexander's theory mostly affects social interactions in squares and how the individual factors impact social interactions in local and urban squares. This study selects Avicenna tomb square and center of Aqajani Beig neighborhood, Hamedan. Based on this research paper, Hatefishojae et al., (2020) state that the patterns of Alexander's theory are efficient in promoting social interactions in local and urban squares. Individual factors are not effective in this regard, but strong centers and urban square contradictions are more effective in resident's social interactions than that of void spaces and strong centers.

Aziz, R. A, (2012) highlighted the New Economy Policy (NEP) and the Malaysian multiethnic middle class which the authors briefly traces the emergence and growth of the Malaysian multiethnic middle class, followed by a discussion on the roles they play in affecting changes in the Malaysian society. Aziz, R. A, (2012) stated the changes of the multiethnic middle class which compared from the era before 1969 and 2000. The comparison is made based on economy, social and politics. They author helps to understand more on the changing of this multiethnic middle class and the current behavior of this group.

(Tedong et al., 2014) highlighted about the social and spatial implications of guarded neighbourhoods: resident-generated enclosed areas in urban Malaysia where the authors illustrate neoliberal urban practice in fragmenting cities. (Tedong et al., 2014) stated that guarded neighbourhoods in Malaysia simultaneously reflect social exclusion—of non-residents, lower classes, migrants, and ethnic ‘others’—and cohesive social action of the politically and economically powerful to produce neighbourhood identity and community coherence through enclosure.

Moulay, A., Ujang, N., & Said, I. (2017) highlighted about the legibility of neighborhood parks as a predicator for enhanced social interaction towards social sustainability where the author examines the relationship between legibility attributes (clear structure, visual obstacles, and accessibility) with social interaction (park engagement and the intensity of contact) within neighborhood parks in Putrajaya, Malaysia. (Moulay et al., 2017) stated that the findings highlight the importance of legibility in the planning and design of public spaces to encourage residents to stay longer while enhancing interaction in neighbourhood parks and ultimately achieving social sustainability.

However, Nee and Khan (2012) study of on how a public urban space can contribute to promote greater integration among the multi-ethnic society is focusing on the outdoor activities such as market place. However, Hatefishojae et al., (2020) study of on the role of Alexander's theory of living centers in promoting the social interaction is focusing particularly at local and urban square. However, Aziz, R. A (2012) limited the information and info till year 2000 only. However, (Tedong et al., 2014) limited their study to resident-generated enclosed areas only. According to my reading of the abstract in this journal, (Moulay et al., 2017) has provided adequate information to solve the social segregation as it is a study proven to have a positive result.

In summary, my study proposes to build pocket park with the implementation of Alexander's theory of living centers with considerations of the changes and current behavior of the Malaysian multiethnic middle class to ensure the involvement of multi-ethnic society and broaden the social and spatial implications in the commercial area .Additionally, my study supports Nee and Khan (2012) to create a public space so it can create opportunities of interaction in a passive way and study shows that there is need for other stimuli to create active interaction. Plus, an extensive study is needed on the implementation of Alexander's theory of living centers in designing a concept store. My study also supports Hatefishojae et al., (2020) in promoting social interactions in local and urban squares in Bandar Kajang as individual factors are not effective in this regard, but strong centers and urban square contradictions are more effective in resident's social interactions than that of void spaces and strong centers. Next, based on Aziz, R. A, (2012), my study strongly recommends to create a public space as there are social segregation between the multi-ethnic middle class. Moreover, based on (Moulay et al., 2017) my study recommends to design public spaces to encourage society to interact and ultimately achieving social sustainability. Plus, my study recommends assessing the annoyance level and work performance level based on noise exposure among the respondents towards the younger age too especially the schoolchildren.